Polycystic kidney disease presentation and associated test checks

Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is genetic condition in which multiple fluid-filled sacs or cysts develop throughout the kidneys. There are two types: 90% of people with PKD have autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), or adult PKD. The remaining 10% have autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), which affects infants and children.
When making a Polycystic Kidney Disease diagnosis, the doctor may ask a number of questions associated with the medical history, other medical conditions you may have and whether you have a family history of any conditions, including PKD. Besides, certain tests can be performed to detect the size and number of kidney cysts as well as evaluate the kidney function.
● Ultrasound examination
This is a common in the medical diagnostic method, using sound waves to create a picture out of a kidney condition. Injection ultrasound imaging does not use any dye or radiation, so for all patients, including pregnant women is safe.
● Other imaging tests
More powerful and expensive imaging procedures, such as computed tomography (CT scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can also detect cysts. Recently, MRI has been used to measure kidney and cyst volume and monitor kidney and cyst growth, which may serve as a way to track progression of the disease.
● Genetic testing
This test can help us detect mutations in the autosomal dominant PKD genes, called PKD1 and PKD2. However, its usefulness is limited by two factors; it cannot predict the onset of symptoms or ultimate severity of the disease, and no specific prevention or cure of the disease is available. On the other hand, this test can help a young person detect the gene mutation, so he may be able to prevent the disease through diet and blood pressure control.
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