What is Polycystic Kidney Disease and how it forms?
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder featured as clusters of cysts develop within one’s kidneys. The cysts can be numerous and filled with noncancerous round sacs. PKD could profoundly enlarge the kidneys and change renal structure.
Causes of PKD are still unexplained till now. Some external factors inducing the occurrence of the disease include wound infections, nephrotoxic drugs, mood swings, overwork and diet etc.
According our years’ research and study of the disease, we believe that PKD is induced by environment influence factors and external stimulus; consequences, metabolic disorders of epithelia and matrix of renal tubulus develop. Cellular dysplasia appears subsequently and accounts for retention of excretive fluids. This is how cysts form and results in Polycystic Kidney Disease.
When making a Polycystic Kidney Disease diagnosis, the doctor may ask a number of questions associated with the medical history, other medical conditions you may have and whether you have a family history of any conditions, including PKD. Besides, certain tests can be performed to detect the size and number of kidney cysts as well as evaluate the kidney function.
● Ultrasound examination
This a common diagnostic method, in which sound waves passes through the body to create a picture of the kidneys. Ultrasound imaging does not use any injected dyes or radiation, so it is safe for all patients, including pregnant women.
● Other imaging tests
More powerful and expensive imaging procedures, such as computed tomography (CT scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can also detect cysts. Recently, MRI has been used to measure kidney and cyst volume and monitor kidney and cyst growth, which may serve as a way to track progression of the disease.
● Genetic testing
This test can help us detect mutations in the autosomal dominant PKD genes, called PKD1 and PKD2. However, its usefulness is limited by two factors; it cannot predict the onset of symptoms or ultimate severity of the disease, and no specific prevention or cure of the disease is available. On the other hand, this test can help a young person detect the gene mutation, so he may be able to prevent the disease through diet and blood pressure control.
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