In clinic, nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, edema and high blood pressure. It is difficult to cure and recurrence rate is high and every cause recurrent disease conditions worsen. Even a little inadequate food can cause serious complications, so it is important to know the principles proper diet for them.
1. Grease. Nephritic syndrome patients often have hyperlipidemia. For those refractory cases as membranous nephropathy, hyperlipidemia long term can cause atherosclerosis, therefore, fatty meat and foods that are rich in animal fats should be limited.
2. Protein. Loss due to large amount of protein in urine, the colloidal osmotic pressure is lowered, so that is difficult to relieve edema and body resistance is low. Therefore, in the initial phase of nephrotic syndrome and renal failure if not, adult patients must maintain 0.7-1.0g / kg daily protein and this can help relieve hypoalbuminemia and its complications. High quality protein such as lean meat, fish, egg, milk are good choices.
3. Vitamin. Calcium and trace elements. The increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane causes not only the loss of protein, but also certain elements and hormones that are combined with proteins and cause lack of calcium, magnesium, zinc, so patients should pay more attention to supply these and nutritional elements. While using adrenal glucocorticoids, patient's appetite will increase and gain a lot of weight due to overeating. Obesity can sometimes cause liver enlargement and fatty liver, therefore caloric intake should be limited and at the same time should be provided adequate calcium and vitamin D.
4. Salt. The salt intake depends on the severity of edema. Severe edema and salt should be avoided if relieved edema salt must be limited (about 3g / day).
5. Water. In case of severe edema, the patient should have strict restrictions on water intake. Whereas in hot summers, patients may have moderate amount of water and salt to supply those lost while sweating. If diuresis, vomiting and diarrhea, patients should provide some water and salt.
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