1. Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome: Incidence of 3.4% to 20% .The hemodialysis side effects, mainly nausea, vomiting, irritability etc.
Severe cases can have seizures, coma and even death. light untreated patients. Hypertonic solution treatment immediately severe, as mannitol, glucose 50% or 3% sodium chloride 10 ml mainly occurs, albumin also can be lost, if termination of dialysis necessary symptomatic treatment sedatives and other more serious.
2. Use dialysis syndrome: The main application is caused by dialyzer and the new pipe. Treatment is symptomatic treatment.
3. Hypotension: One of the most common side effects of hemodialysis, the incidence rate of 20% -40% .Hipotensión for many reasons, most of which occurred in the afternoon hypotension after the start of dialysis. Hemodialysis late autumn or more due to excess dialysate acetate ultrafiltration proper due. Treatment: In trendelenburg, stop ultrafiltration, reduced pump flow, oxygen, if necessary, quickly add 100-200 ml of normal saline or 20 ml of 50% glucose, albumin infusion combined with the cause, due to the treatment.
4. Pyrogen reactions: unmedicated Often, when heat can reduce the temperature of the dialysis, the anti-discretionary amine drugs, hormones and antipyretics etc.
5. Heart failure, are the most dangerous hemodialysis, one of the serious side effects, symptomatic treatment must be used for the order of dialysis or ultrafiltration strengthen.
6. Arrhythmia: Incidence of around 50%, because of the side effects of hemodialysis cause no coronary disease, failure, pericarditis, severe anemia, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders, hypoxemia, hypotension, and drugs etc. Treatment: For causes and symptomatic treatment but should pay attention to drug retention in dialysis patients and toxicity.
7. Muscle spasm dialysis: One most common side effects of hemodialysis, the incidence of 10% -15%, the main site for the gastrocnemius muscle, foot, arm and other parts of the abdominal muscles. The reason is unclear, it is possible that dialysis may be tissue hypoxia, hyponatremia, and the relative lack of clean lines of circulating blood. Treatment: Reduce the speed or pause ultrafiltration, input 100-200 ml of normal saline and hypertonic saline or hypertonic sugar.
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