Precipitating factors
① genetics and physics: Close relatives of patients the incidence of up to 5% and 12%, the incidence of monozygotic twins is 69%, the incidence of fraternal twins is only 3% blacks and Asians .The incidence significantly more, it is suggested that the disease depends on genetic factors. Genetic susceptibility disease gene is located on chromosome 6. significantly higher incidence in women, suggest the role of endocrine factors.
② Environmental Factors: As seen from genetic factors is just a trend Susceptible, environmental factors be this disease plays an important role. virus infection such lentiviral virus infection - C, factors drugs such as penicillin, hydralazine, procainamide, isoniazid, methyldopa, quinidine lvpumaqin and ect. There are possible that amine and hydrazine drugs and thiol groups a relationship. After drugs and binding of nuclear histones, and the role of lymphocyte autoimmunity form. Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus rarely violates the kidney and central nervous system. Irradiation of sunlight (UV) aggravate common disease in 40% of patients, UV DNA can converte the secret scam pyridine dimer, let this increased antigenicity, trigger the disease.
Pathophysiology
Glomerular lesions: common immune complexes can soothe, intrinsic cells (mesangial, endothelial and epithelial) swelling, hyperplasia, multicore and infiltration of mononuclear cells and capillary segmental necrosis. It is important to immune complex deposition in glomerular is basic lesion of the disease, may be deposited on the skin, endothelium, in the basal and mesangial membrane immunopathology IgG showed strong staining, often accompanied IgM and IgA, complement C3, Clq and C4 also more strongly positive, over 25% of patients showed a performance "full house" .Other changes, irregular pieces can mix things quiet subendothelial optical microscopy showed glomerular capillary drawing, also known as "white gold ear" phenomenon.
1. Macroalbuminuria: When molecules glomerular filtration membrane barriers and barrier determined by charge barrier is damaged glomerular filtration membrane plasma proteins (mainly albumin right) increased permeability to increase the protein content in urine original, when more amount of absorption back uptake distal tubule form massive proteinuria.
2. hematuria When the immune response to glomerular endothelial injury, damage of the filter membrane, the red blood cells form urine overflows hematuria.
3. Edema: hypertension, oliguria, hypoalbuminemia are the main reasons for edema LN.
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